Biotechnology Principles And Process [70+ solved] questions - Class 12

Biotechnology Principles And Process Class 12 NEET PYQ

The students who are targeting for NEET exam should prepare for all the important chapters of NEET syllabus to secure good marks in NEET 2022. Candidates planning to appear in the medical exam must have knowledge about the weightage of chapters. Biology section carries the maximum weightage.

 Biotechnology Principles And Process is the eleventh chapter categorized under the unit 'Biotechnology'. According to the NEET chapter wise weightage Biotechnology Principles And Process  contributes to around 6% of the total number of questions asked in the last years. On average we can expect 8-10 questions from this particular chapter.

Here you will find all previous year Biotechnology Principles And Process Class 11 NEET Questions. Solving previous years Biotechnology Principles And Process Class 11 NEET Questions will be beneficial for you. Firstly you get an idea of what type of questions are asked in previous year. 

Every year around many of questions of biology  are repeated as it is without even changing single word. These previous year Biotechnology Principles And Process Class 11 NEET questions will definitely guide you in what direction you need extra push.

Biotechnology Principles And Process Class 11 NEET Questions And Answers

AIPMT 2006

 

1. Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are –

 

(1) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens

(2) Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage

(3) Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.

(4) Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans

 

Solution :1

 

2. Restriction endonuclease –

 

(1) Cuts the DNA molecule randomly

(2) Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites

(3) Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus

(4) Synthesizes DNA

 

Solution : 2

 

3. Golden rice is a promising transgenic crop. When released for cultivation, it will help in

 

(1) Alleviation of vitamin A deficiency

(2) Pest resistance

(3) Herbicide tolerance

(4) Producing a petrol-like fuel from rice

 

Solution : 1

 

AIPMT 2007

 

4. A genetically engineered micro-organism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is a species of :-

 

(1) Pseudomonas

(2) Trichoderma

(3) Xanthomonas

(4) Bacillus

 

Solution : 1

 AIPMT 2008

 5. Cry1 endotoxins obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis are effective against :-

 

(1) Flies

(2) Nematodes

(3) Boll worms

(4) Mosquitoes

 

Solution : 3

 

6. Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of :-

 

(1) Mycobacterium

(2) Rhizobium

(3) Saccharomyces

(4) Escherichia

 

Solution : 4

 

7. Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to :-

 

(1) Eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides

(2) Encourage eco-friendly herbicides

(3) Reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety

(4) Eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour

 

Solution : 4

 

8. A transgenic food crop which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is :-

 

(1) Starlink maize

(2) Bt Soybean

(3) Golden rice

(4) Flavr Savr tomatoes

 

Solution : 3

 

AIPMT 2009

 

9. Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants ?

 

(1) Penicillium expansum

(2) Trichoderma harzianum

(3) Meloidogyme incognita

(4) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

 

Solution : 4

 

10. Polyethylene glycol method is used for :-

 

(1) Energy production from sewage

(2) Gene transfer without a vector

(3) Biodiesel production

(4) Seedless fruit production

 

Solution : 2

 

11. Transgenic plants are the ones :-

 

(1) Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field

(2) Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium

(3) Generated by introducing foreign DNA in to a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell

(4) Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium

 

Solution : 3

 

12. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as :-

 

(1) Source of industrial enzyme

(2) Indicator of water pollution

(3) Insecticide

(4) Agent for production of dairy products

 

Solution : 3

 

13. What is true about Bt toxin ?

 

(1) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins

(2) The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut

(3) Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus

(4) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication

 

Solution : 2

 

14. The genetic defect - adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by:-

 

(1) Enzyme replacement therapy

(2) Periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA

(3) Administering adenosine deaminase activators

(4) Introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages

 

Solution : 4

 

AIPMT 2010

 

15. Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms?

 

(1) Rhizopus nigricans

(2) Retrovirus

(3) Baculovirus

(4) Salmonella typhimurium

 

Solution : 2

 

16. Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which :

 

(1) restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase

(2) remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule

(3) make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule

(4) recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase

 

Solution : 3

 

17. Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?

 

(1) 5'_______GAATTC _________3'

     3'_______ CTTAAG _________5'

 

(2) 5'_______CACGTA _________3'

     3'_______ CTCAGT_________5'

 

(3) 5'_______CGTTCG_________3'

    3'_______ ATGGTA_________5'

 

(4) 5'_______GATATG_________3'

    3'_______ CTACTA_________5'

 

Solution : 1

 

18. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice :

 

(1) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy

(2) gives high yield but has no charactristic aroma

(3) does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones

(4) give high yield and is rich in vitamin A

 

Solution : 4

 

19. DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radiactive molecule is called :

 

(1) Clone

(2) Plasmid

(3) Vector

(4) Probe

 

Solution : 4

 

20. Genetic engineering has been successfuly used for producing

 

(1) transgenic Cow-Roise which produces high fat milk for making ghe

(2) animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power

(3) transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans

(4) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases

 

Solution : 3

 

21. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for :

 

(1) Enhancing mineral content

(2) Drought-resistance

(3) Insect-resistance

(4) Enhancing shelf life

 

Solution : 3

 

22. Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are :

 

(1) High yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests

(2) High yield and resistance to bollworms

(3) Long fibre and resistance to aphids

(4) Medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests

 

Solution : 2

 

AIPMT Pre 2011

 

23. Given below is a sample of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands. What is so special shown in it ?

 

5'______GAATTC_______3'

3'______CTTAAG_______5'

 

(1) Replication completed

(2) Delection mutation

(3) Start codon at the 5' end

(4) Palindromic sequence of base pairs

 

Solution : 4

 

24. There is a restriction endonuclease called EcoRI. What does "co" part in it stand for ?

 

(1) Colon

(2) Coelom

(3) Coenzyme

(4) Coli

 

Solution : 4

 

25. Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in:

 

(1) Spectrophotometry

(2) Tissue Culture

(3) PCR

(4) Gel electrophoresis

 

Solution : 4

 

26. Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of :

 

(1) Fish

(2) Mice

(3) Cow

(4) Pig

 

Solution : 2

 

27. The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to:-

 

(1) Nematodes

(2) Fungi

(3) Viruses

(4) Insects

 

Solution : 1

 

AIPMT Mains 2011

 

28. Read the following four statements (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them.

 

(A )The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.

(B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro molecules.

(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of R-DNA technology.

(D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of R-DNA into the host.

Which are the two statements having mistakes?

 

(1) Statements (A) and (B)

(2) Statements (B) and (C)

(3) Statements (C) and (D)

(4) Statements (A) and (C)

 

Solution : 1

 

29. Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to:

 

(1) Bacterial blights

(2) Bollworms

(3) Nematodes

(4) White rusts

 

Solution : 3

 

30. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain insecticidal protein.

This protein :

 

(1) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin

(2) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it

(3) is coded by several genes including the gene cry

(4) is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest

 

Solution : 2

 

31. Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms?

 

(1) Hybridization

(2) Recombinant DNA techniques

(3) X-ray diffraction

(4) Heavier isotope labelling

 

Solution : 2

 

AIPMT Pre 2012

 

32. Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR ?

 

(1) It is isolated from a virus

(2) It remains active at high temperature

(3) It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells

(4) It serves as a selectable marker

 

Solution : 2

 

33. For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of :-

 

(1) Silicon or Platinum

(2) Gold or Tungsten

(3) Silver or platinum

(4) Platinum or zinc

 

Solution : 2

 

34. The figure below is the diagrammatic representation of the E.Coli vector pBR 322. Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain component(s) ?

 

(1) Hind III, ECoRI-selectable markers

(2) ampR, tetR -antibiotic resistance genes

(3) ori-original restriction enzyme

(4) rop-reduced osmotic pressure

 

Solution : 2

 

35. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin 'A' deficiency :

 

(1) Golden rice

(2) Bt-Brinjal

(3) Flaver Savr 'tomato

(4) Canolla

 

Solution : 1

 

36. DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radiactive molecule is called :

 

(1) Clone

(2) Plasmid

(3) Vector

(4) Probe

 

Solution : 4

 

AIPMT Mains 2012

 

37. Which one of the following represents a palindromic sequence in DNA ?

 

(1) 5'- CATTAG - 3'

      3'- GATAAC -5'

(2) 5'- GATACC - 3'

      3'- CCTAAG - 5'

(3) 5'- GAATTC -3'

      3'- CTTAAG -5'

(4) 5'- CCAATG -3'

      3'- GAATCC -5'

 

Solution : 3

 

38. In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used :-

 

(1) as sequences from where replication starts

(2) to keep the cultures free of infection

(3) as selectable markers

(4) to select healthy vectors

 

Solution : 3

 

39. The figure below shows three steps (A,B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents?

Options :

 

 (1) C-Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase

(2) A-Annealing with two sets of primers

(3) B-Denaturation at a temperature of about 98°C separating the two DNA strands

(4) A-Denaturation at a temperature of about 50°C

 

Solution : 1

 

40. Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable for :

 

(1) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors

(2) DNA finger printing

(3) Disarming pathogen vectors

(4) Transformation of plants cells

 

Solution : 4

 

41. Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells) :-

 

(1) an antifeedant

(2) a toxic protein

(3) both sense and anti-sense RNA

(4) a particular hormone

 

Solution : 3

 

42. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating :

 

(1) Rheumatoid arthritis

(2) Adenosine deaminase deficiency

(3) Diabetes mellitus

(4) Chicken pox

 

Solution : 2

 

NEET-UG 2013

 

43. The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-recombinant bacteria because of :

 

 

(1) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria

(2) Non-recombinant bacteria containing

beta-galactosidase

(3) Insertional inactivation of alpha galactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria

(4) Insertional inactivation of beta-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria

 

Solution : 4

 

44. DNA fragments generated by the restriction

endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be

separated by :

 

(1) Restriction mapping

(2) Centrifugation

(3) Polymerase chain reaction

(4) Electrophoresis

 

Solution : 4

 

AIPMT 2014

 

45. An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the Southern hybridization technique does not use:-

 

(1) Electrophoresis

(2) Blotting

(3) Autoradiography

(4) PCR

 

Solution : 4

 

46. Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA?

 

(1) Bacterial artificial chromosome

(2) Yeast artificial chromosome

(3) Plasmid

(4) Cosmid

 

Solution : 3

 

47. The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is :-

 

(1) Insulin

(2) Estrogen

(3) Thyroxin

(4) Progesterone

 

Solution : 1

 

AIPMT 2015

 

48. The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/tolerant to :-

 

(1) Bacteria

(2) Insects

(3) Herbicides

(4) Fungi

 

Solution : 3

 

49. In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to:

 

(1) Acidic pH of the insect gut

(2) Action of gut micro-organisms

(3) Presence of conversion factors in insect gut

(4) Alkaline pH of the insect gut

 

Solution : 4

 

50. Which body of the Government of India regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services:

 

(1) Indian Council of Agricultural Research

(2) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

(3) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation

(4) Bio-safety committee

 

Solution : 2

 

Re-AIPMT 2015

 

51. The DNA molecules to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called :

 

(1) Carrier

(2) Transformer

(3) Vector

(4) Template

 

Solution : 3

 

52. The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of :

 

(1) Ligases

(2) Restriction enzymes

(3) Probes

(4) Selectable markers

 

Solution : 2

 

53. Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for

biosynthesis of :

 

(1) Vitamin A

(2) Vitamin B

(3) Vitamin C

(4) Omega 3

 

Solution : 1

 

54. The introduction of t-DNA into plants involves :

 

(1) Allowing the plant roots to stand in water

(2) Infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

(3) Altering the pH of the soil, then heat shocking the plants

(4) Exposing the plants to cold for a brief period

 

Solution : 2

 

NEET-I 2016

 

55. The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by :-

 

(1) Hydrogen bonds

(2) Phosphodiester bond

(3) Covalent bond

(4) Disulphide bridges

 

Solution : 4

 

56. Which of the following is not a feature of the plasmids?

 

(1) Independent replication

(2) Circular structure

(3) Transferable

(4) Single - stranded

 

Solution : 4

 

57. The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from :

 

(1) Thermus aquaticus

(2) Thiobacillus ferroxidans

(3) Bacillus subtilis

(4) Pseudomonas putida

 

Solution : 1

 

58. Which of the following is a restriction endonuclease?

 

(1) Hind II

(2) Protease

(3) DNase I

(4) RNase

 

Solution : 1

 

NEET-II 2016

 

59. Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for :

 

(1) availability of oxygen throughout the process

(2) ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel

(3) purification of product

(4) addition of preservatives to the product

 

Solution : 1

 

60. A foreign DNA and plasmid cut by the same restriction endonuclease can be joined to form a recombinant plasmid using :

 

(1) Polymerase-III

(2) Ligase

(3) Eco RI

(4) Taq polymerase

 

Solution : 2

 

61. Which of the following is not a component of downstream processing ?

 

(1) Preservation

(2) Expression

(3) Separation

(4) Purification

 

Solution : 2

 

62. Which of the following restriction enzymes produces blunt ends ?

 

(1) Xho I

(2) Hind III

(3) Sal I

(4) Eco RV

 

Solution : 4

 

63. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency ?

 

(1) Immunotherapy

(2) Radiation therapy

(3) Gene therapy

(4) Chemotherapy

 

Solution : 3

 

NEET(UG 2017

 

64. The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with :

 

(1) Acetocarmine

(2) Aniline blue

(3) Ethidium bromide

(4) Bromophenol blue

 

Solution : 3

 

65. The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called:

 

(1) Downstream processing

(2) Bioprocessing

(3) Postproduction processing

(4) Upstream processing

 

Solution : 1

 

66. A gene whose expression helps to identify

transformed cell is known as :

 

(1) Vector

(2) Plasmid

(3) Structural gene

(4) Selectable marker

 

Solution : 4

 

NEET(UG 2018

 

67. Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes ?

 

(1) Retrovirus

(2) Ti plasmid

(3) l phage

(4) pBR 322

 

Solution : 1

 

68. In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is

 

(1) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)

(2) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

(3) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)

(4) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)

 

Solution : 4

 

69. A 'new variety of rice was patented by a foreign company though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to

 

(1) Co-667

(2) Sharbati Sonora

(3) Lerma Rojo

(4) Basmati

 

Solution : 4

 

70. Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its peoople is called

 

(1) Bio-infringement

(2) Biopiracy

(3) Biodegradation

(4) Bioexploitation

 

Solution : 2

 

71. The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is

 

(1) Extension, Denaturation, Annealing

(2) Annealing, Extension, Denaturation

(3) Denaturation, Extension, Annealing

(4) Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

 

Solution : 4

 

NEET(UG) 2019

 

72. Which of the following is true for Golden rice ?

 

(1) It is Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil

(2) It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis

(3) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector

(4) It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice

 

Solution : 1

 

73. Which of the following features of genetic code does allow bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?

 

(1) Genetic code is not ambiguous

(2) Genetic code is redundant

(3) Genetic code is nearly universal

(4) Genetic code is specific

 

Solution : 3

 

74. Following statements describe the characteristics of the enzyme Restriction endonuclease. Identify the incorrect statement.

 

(1) The enzyme cuts DNA molecule at identified position within the DNA

(2) The enzyme binds DNA at specific sites and cuts only one of the two strands.

(3) The enzyme cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone at specific sites on each strand.

(4) The enzyme recognizes a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DNA

 

Solution : 2

 

75. DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with :

 

(1) Isopropanol

(2) Chilled ethanol

(3) Methanol at room temperature

(4) Chilled chloroform

 

Solution : 2

 

76. What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?

 

(1) Body temperature

(2) Moist surface of midgut

(3) Alkaline pH of gut

(4) Acidic pH of stomach

 

Solution : 3

 

NEET(UG) 2019 (Odisha)

 

77. Match the following enzymes with their functions :

 

 Select the correct option from the following :

(1) a-iii, b-i, c-iv d-ii

(2) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

(3) a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii

(4) a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii

 

Solution : 2

 

 

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