Principles of inheritance & variations NEET Questions - PYQ
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Principles of inheritance & variations NEET Questions And Answers
AIPMT 2006
1. Phenotype of an organism is the result of –
(1) Mutations and linkages
(2) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
(3) Environmental changes and sexual dimorphism
(4) Genotype and environment interactions
Solution : 4
2. How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
(1) Three
(2) Four
(3) Nine
(4) Two
Solution : 4
3. Test cross involves –
(1) Crossing between two genotypes with recessive trait
(2) Crossing between two F1 hybrids
(3) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
(4) Crossing between two genotypes with dominant trait
Solution : 3
4. In Mendel's experiments with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY × rryy ?
(1) Only round seeds with green cotyledons
(2) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
(3) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
(4) Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
Solution : 4
5. Which one of the following is the most suitable medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster ?
(1) Moist bread
(2) Agar-agar
(3) Ripe banana
(4) cow dung
Solution : 3
6. If a colourblind woman marries a normal visioned man, their sons will be –
(1) All normal visioned
(2) One–half colourblind and one–half normal
(3) Three–fourths colourblind and one– fourth normal
(4) All colourblind
Solution : 4
7. In which mode of inheritance do you expect more maternal influence among the offspring?
(1) Autosomal
(2) Cytoplasmic
(3) Y-linked
(4) X-linked
Solution : 2
AIPMT 2007
8. A human male produces sperms with the genotypes AB, Ab, aB, and ab, in equal proportions. What is the corresponding genotype of this person :-
(1) AaBb
(2) AaBB
(3) AABb
(4) AABB
Solution : 1
9. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F1 generation :-
(1) 50 : 50
(2) 9 : 1
(3) 1 : 3
(4) 3 : 1
Solution : 1
10. Inheritance of skin colour in humans is an example of :-
(1) chromosomal aberration
(2) point mutation
(3) polygenic inheritance
(4) codominance
Solution : 3
11. Two genes R and Y are located very close on the chromosomal linkage map of maize plant. When RRYY and rryy genotypes are hybridized, the F2 segregaion will show :-
(1) Higher number of the recombinant types.
(2) Segregation in the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio.
(3) Segregation in 3:1 ratio.
(4) Higher number of the parental types
Solution : 4
AIPMT 2009
12. Sickle cell anemia is :-
(1) Characterized by elongated sickle like RBCs with a nucleus
(2) An autosomal linked dominant trait
(3) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin
(4) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
Solution : 4
13. The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC, because "O" in it refers to having :-
(1) No antigens A and B on RBCs
(2) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
(3) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A and B types
(4) One antibody only - either anti–A or anti–B on the RBCs
Solution : 1
14. Select the incorrect statement from the following:-
(1) Baldness is a sex-limited trait
(2) Linkage is an exception to the principle of independent assortment in heredity
(3) Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism
(4) Small population size results in random genetic drift in a population
Solution : 1
15. Study the pedigree chart given below :-
(2) Inheritance of a sex-lined inborn error of metabolism like phenylketonuria
(3) Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria as an autosomal recessive trait
(4) The pedigree chart is wrong as this is not possible
Solution : 3
AIPMT 2010
16. The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype and can be detemined by :
(1) Pedigree analysis
(2) Back cross
(3) Test cross
(4) Dihybrid cross
Solution : 3
17. Which one of the following cannot be explained on the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance?
(1) Alleles do not show any belending and both the characters recover as such in F2 generation
(2) Factors occur in pairs
(3) The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called a factor
(4) Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and the other recessive
Solution : 1
18. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by the gene I. It has three alleles - IA , IB and i. Since there are three different alleles, six different genotypes are possible. How many phenotypes can occur?
(1) Four
(2) Two
(3) Three
(4) One
Solution : 1
19. Select the corrrect statement from the ones gives below with respect to dihybrid cross :
(1) Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome show similar recombinatios as the tightly linked ones
(2) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
(3) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show higher recombination
(4) Genes far apart on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
Solution : 2
20. Which one of the following symbols and its representation, used in human pedigree analysis is correct?
Solution : 3
AIPMT (Pre.) 2011
21. When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed, the performance of F1 hybrid is often superior to both
its parents. This phenomenon is called :-
(1) Heterosis (2) Transformation
(3) Splicing (4) Metamorphosis
Solution : 1
22. Which one of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given example ?
(1) Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine female sex in Birds.
(2) XO type of sex chromosomes determine male sex in grasshopper
(3) XO condition in humans as found in Turner Syndrome, determines female sex.
(4) Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce male in Drosophila
Solution : 2
AIPMT (Mains) 2011
23. Test cross in plants or in Drosophila involves crossing:
(1) Between two genotypes with dominant trait
(2) Between two genotypes with recessive trait
(3) Between two F1 hybrids
(4) The F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
Solution : 4
24. Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic cell would lead to the birth of a normal human female child ?
(1) One X and one Y chromosome
(2) Two X chromosome
(3) Only one Y chromosome
(4) Only one X chromosome
Solution : 2
AIPMT (Pre.) 2012
25. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as 1 : 2 : 1. It represents a case of :-
(1) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance
(2) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
(3) Co-dominance
(4) Dihybrid cross
Solution : 2
26. A certain road accident patient with unknown blood group needs immediate blood transfusion. His one doctor friend at once offers his blood. What was the blood group of the donor ?
(1) Blood group O
(2) Blood group A
(3) Blood group B
(4) Blood group AB
Solution : 1
27. A normal visioned man whose father was colour-blind marries a woman whose father was also
colour blind. They have their first child as a daughter. What are the chances that this child would be colour-blind?
(1) 25%
(2) 50%
(3) 100%
(4) Zero percent
Solution : 4
AIPMT (Mains) 2012
28. A test cross is carried out to :
(1) assess the number of alleles of a gene.
(2) determine whether two species or varieties will breed successfully.
(3) determine the genotype of a plant at F2
(4) predict whether two traits are linked.
Solution : 3
29. Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a certain type of traits in humans. Which one of the following conditions could be an example of this pattern?
(1) Haemophilia
(2) Thalassemia
(3) Phenylketonuria
(4) Sickle cell anaemia
Solution : 1
NEET-UG 2013
30. If two persons with 'AB' blood group marry and have sufficiently large number of children, these children could be classified as 'A' blood group : 'AB' blood group 'B' blood group in 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Modern technique of protein electrophoresis reveals presence of both 'A' and 'B' type proteins in 'AB' blood group individuals. This is an example of :
(1) Complete dominance
(2) Codominance
(3) Incomplete dominance
(4) Partial dominance
Solution : 2
31. Which Mendelism idea is depicted by a cross in which the F1 generation resembles both the parents?
(1) co-dominance
(2) incomplete dominance
(3) law of dominance
(4) inheritance of one gene
Solution : 1
32. Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency ?
(1) If the genes are present on the same chromosome, they undergo more than one crossovers in every meiosis
(2) The genes may be on different chromosomes
(3) The genes are tightly linked
(4) The genes show independent assortment
Solution : 3
33. The incorrect statement with regard to Haemophilia is :
(1) A single protein involved in the clotting of blood is affected
(2) It is a sex-linked disease
(3) It is a recessive disease
(4) It is a dominant disease
Solution : 4
34. If both parents are carriers for thalessemia, which is an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the chances of pregnancy resulting in an affected child?
(1) 100%
(2) No chance
(3) 50%
(4) 25%
Solution : 4
AIPMT 2014
35. Fruit colour in squash is an example of :-
(1) Recessive epistasis
(2) Dominant epistasis
(3) Complementary genes
(4) Inhibitory genes
Solution : 2
36. A man whose father was colour blind marries a woman who had a colour blind mother and normal father. What percentage of male children of this couple will be colour blind ?
(1) 25%
(2) 0%
(3) 50%
(4) 75%
Solution : 3
37. In a population of 1000 individuals 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. Based on this data, the frequency of allele A in the population is :-
(1) 0.4
(2) 0.5
(3) 0.6
(4) 0.7
Solution : 3
AIPMT 2015
38. A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with blood group 'B'. What are all the possible blood groups of their offsprings ?
(1) A,B and AB only
(2) A,B,AB and O
(3) O only
(4) A and B only
Solution : 2
39. How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants were studied by Mendel in his experiments?
(1) Six
(2) Eight
(3) Seven
(4) Five
Solution : 3
40. Multiple alleles are present :
(1) At different loci on the same chromosome
(2) At the same locus of the chromosome
(3) On non-sister chromatids
(4) On different chromosomes
Solution : 2
41. Alleles are :
(1) true breeding homozygotes
(2) different molecular forms of a gene
(3) heterozygotes
(4) different phenotype
Solution : 2
42. A population will not exist in Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium if :
(1) There are no mutations
(2) There is no migration
(3) The population is large
(4) Individuals mate selectively
Solution : 4
43. Which is the most common mechanism of genetic variation in the population of sexually reproducing organism?
(1) Chromosomal aberrations
(2) Genetic drift
(3) Recombination
(4) Transduction
Solution : 3
Re-AIPMT 2015
44. A colour blind man marries a woman with normal sight who has no history of colour blindness in her family. What is the probability of their grandson (son's son) being colour blind ?
(1) 0.25
(2) 0.5
(3) 1
(4) Nil
Solution : 4
45. The term "linkage" was coined by :
(1) W.Sutton
(2) T.H. Morgan
(3) T.Boveri
(4) G.Mendel
Solution : 2
46. A pleiotropic gene :
(1) controls multiple traits in an individual
(2) is expressed only in primitive plants
(3) is a gene evolved during Pliocene
(4) controls a trait only in combination with another gene
Solution : 1
47. In his classic experiments on pea plants, Mendel did not use :
(1) Flower position
(2) Seed colour
(3) Pod length
(4) Seed shape
Solution : 3
48. A gene showing codominance has :
(1) both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote
(2) one allele dominant on the other
(3) alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome
(4) alleles that are recessive to each other
Solution : 1
49. In the following human pedigree, the filled symbols represent the affected individuals. Identify the type of given pedigree.
(1) X-linked dominant
(2) Autosomal dominant
(3) X-linked recessive
(4) Autosomal recessive
Solution : 4
NEET-I 2016
50. Which of the following most appropriately describes haemophilia ?
(1) Recessive gene disorder
(2) X - linked recessive gene disorder
(3) Chromosomal disorder
(4) Dominant gene disorder
Solution : 2
51. A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the F1
plants were selfed the resulting genotypes were in the ratio of :
(1) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall homozygous : Tall heterozygous : Dwarf
(2) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall heterozygous : Tall homozygous : Dwarf
(3) 3 : 1 :: Tall : Dwarf
(4) 3 : 1 :: Dwarf : Tall
Solution : 1
52. Match the terms in Column-I with their description in Column-II and choose the correct option :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(2) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(3) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(4) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
Solution : 2
53. Pick out the correct statements :
(a) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease
(b) Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy
(c) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder.
(d) Sickle cell anaemia is a X-linked recessive gene disorder
(1) (a) and (d) are correct
(2) (b) and (d) are correct
(3) (a), (c) and (d) are correct
(4) (a), (b) and (c) are correct
Solution : 4
54. In a testcross involving F1 dihybrid flies, more parental-type offspring were produced than the recombinant-type offspring. This indicates :-
(1) The two genes are located on two different chromosomes.
(2) Chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis.
(3) The two genes are linked and present on the same chromosome.
(4) Both of the characters are controlled by more than one gene.
Solution : 3
NEET-II 2016
55. A true breeding plant is :
(1) near homozygous and produces offspring of its own kind
(2) always homozygous recessive in its genetic constitution
(3) one that is able to breed on its own
(4) produced due to cross-pollination among unrelated plants
Solution : 1
56. If a colour-blind man marries a woman who is homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability of their son being colour-blind is :-
(1) 0.75
(2) 1
(3) 0
(4) 0.5
Solution : 3
57. Genetic drift operates in :-
(1) Non-reproductive population
(2) Slow reproductive population
(3) Small isolated population
(4) Large isolated population
Solution : 3
58. In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by :-
(1) pq
(2) q2
(3) p2
(4) 2pq
Solution : 4
NEET(UG) 2017
59. Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement :
(1) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis
(2) Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules
(3) Sickel cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of globin molecules
(4) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis
Solution : 2
60. The genotypes of a husband and Wife are IA IB& IA i.
Among the blood types of their children, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible?
(1) 3 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
(2) 4 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
(3) 4 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
(4) 3 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
Solution : 2
61. Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments ?
(1) 1840 - 1850
(2) 1857 - 1869
(3) 1870 - 1877
(4) 1856 - 1863
Solution : 4
NEET(UG) 2018
62. Select the correct statement :
(1) Franklin Stahl coined the term "linkage".
(2) Punnett square was developed by a British scientist.
(3) Spliceosomes take part in translation.
(4) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman.
Solution : 2
63. Which of the following pairs in wrongly matched ?
(1) Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
(2) ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
(3) XO type sex determination : Grasshopper
(4) T.H. Morgan : Linkage
Solution : 1
64. Which of the following characteristics represent 'Inheritance of blood groups' in humans ?
a. Dominance
b. Co-dominance
c. Multiple allele
d. Incomplete dominance
e. Polygenic inheritance
(1) b, c and e (2) a, b and c
(3) b, d and e (4) a, c and e
Solution : 2
65. A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by :-
(1) Only daughters
(2) Only sons
(3) Only grandchildren
(4) Both sons & daughters
Solution : 4
NEET(UG) 2019
66. What map unit (Centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps ?
(1) A unit of distance between two expressed genes, representing 10% cross over
(2) A unit of distance between two expressed genes, representing 100% cross over
(3) A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 1% cross over
(4) A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 50% cross over
Solution : 3
67. A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4 then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population ?
(1) 0.36 (AA); 0.48(Aa); 0.16 (aa)
(2) 0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
(3) 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
(4) 0.16 (AA); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa)
Solution : 3
68. The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes was explained by :
(1) T.H. Morgan
(2) Gregor J. Mendel
(3) Alfred Sturtevant
(4) Sutton Boveri
Solution : 3
69. In Antirrhinum (Snapdragon), a red flower was crossed with a white flower and in F1 generation, pink flowers were obtained. When pink flowers were selfed, the F2 generation showed white, red and pink flowers. Choose the incorrect statement from the following :
Solution : 4
70. Select the incorrect statement.
(1) Male fruit fly is heterogametic.
(2) In male grasshoppers, 50% of sperms have no sex-chromosome.
(3) In domesticated fowls sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg.
(4) Human males have one of their sex-chromosome much shorter than the other.
Solution : 3
NEET(UG) 2019 (Odisha)
71. Match the items of column I with column II
Select the correct option from the following :
(1) a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii
(2) a-i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii
(3) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
(4) a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii
Solution : 3
72. In a marriage between male with blood group A and female with blood group B, the progeny had either blood group AB or B. What could be the possible genotype of parents ?
Solution : 1
73. The production of gametes by the parents, the formation of zygotes, the F1 and F2 plants, can be understood using :-
(1) Pie diagram
(2) A pyramid diagram
(3) Punnet square
(4) Venn diagram
Solution : 3
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